Foreword	5
	Acknowledgements	9
	Contents	11
	Editors and Contributors	14
	List of Figures	18
	List of Tables	19
	Part I Crossroads	20
	Chapter 1 A New Crossroads for Audiences and Audience Research: Frameworks for a Foresight Exercise	21
	Contexts of Knowledge Within Audience Research	25
	A Critical, Agentic, Trans-media Framework	30
	Optimism, Pessimism and the Agentic Audience	34
	Introduction to the Parts and Chapters of This Book	35
	References	37
	Chapter 2 Designing a Foresight Analysis Exercise on Audiences and Emerging Technologies: CEDAR’s Analytical-Intuitive Balance	43
	A Foresight Analysis	43
	Exercise 1: From Theme Mapping to Trend Analysis	46
	Exercise 2: Stakeholder Consultations	48
	Exercise 3: Horizon Scanning	52
	Conclusion	56
	References	56
	Part II Interfaces	58
	Chapter 3 Audiences’ Coping Practices with Intrusive Interfaces: Researching Audiences in Algorithmic, Datafied, Platform Societies	59
	Trends	63
	Trend 1: Audiences Are Increasingly Confronted with Intrusive Digital Media	63
	Trend 2: Audiences Are Developing Coping Practices to Deal with Intrusive Interfaces	66
	Trend 3: New Media Literacies Are Being Developed that Shift Attention Towards Intrusive Digital Media and Address Their Political as Well as Ethical Implications	70
	Conclusion	72
	References	72
	Chapter 4 ‘The Deal Should Be Fairer!’ Stakeholder Discourses on Intrusive Media Platforms and Interfaces	77
	Approach	79
	Media Intrusions Are Recognized but Not Integrated into Stakeholders’ Practice	81
	Discursive Positions Concerning Media Pressures and Intrusions	83
	Discussion	87
	Conclusion	88
	References	91
	Chapter 5 The Co-option of Audience Data and User-Generated Content: Empowerment and Exploitation Amidst Algorithms, Produsage and Crowdsourcing	94
	Two Approaches to Co-option	96
	Algorithmic Exploitations of Audience Data Through Datafication	99
	The Duality of Co-opting User-Generated Content: Audience Creativity Between Recognition and Exploitation	103
	Co-opting Audiences’ Knowledge and Skills: Crowdsourcing in Glocalization Business Strategies	106
	Discussion and Conclusion	107
	References	109
	Chapter 6 Algorithms and Intrusions: Emergent Stakeholder Discourses on the Co-option of Audiences’ Creativity and Data	115
	Methodological Approach to Stakeholder Consultations	117
	Negotiating the Co-option of Data and Content Within Processes of Produsage	118
	Stakeholder Perceptions of Control and Privacy on Algorithmic Platforms	121
	From Media to Digital Data Literacies and Regulatory Difficulties	124
	Discussion and Conclusion	127
	References	130
	Part III Engagement	134
	Chapter 7 Emerging Trends in Small Acts of Audience Engagement and Interruptions of Content Flows	135
	One-Click Engagement	139
	Commenting and Debating	140
	Small Stories	141
	Conceptualizing Small Acts of Engagement	143
	Small Acts of Engagement, Big Interruptions in Media Power?	146
	References	148
	Chapter 8 Interruption, Disruption or Intervention? A Stakeholder Analysis of Small Acts of Engagement in Content Flows	153
	The ‘Real-Time’ Audience: How Editorial Analytics and Online Comments Provide Media Producers with a Continuously Updated View on Their Audience	155
	Adjustment and Control of Content: How Production Routines of Legacy Media Change	158
	Audience Engagement Between Creativity and Economy: How Audience Creativity Enters Economic Relations	162
	Interruptions of Trust and Trustworthiness: Transformations Related to (Dis)Trust in Audience–Institution Relationships	164
	Conclusion	167
	References	171
	Chapter 9 Bridging the Gap Between Micro and Macro Forms of Engagement: Three Emerging Trends in Research on Audience Participation	173
	Emotions	178
	Individualized Collective Action	180
	Emerging Critical Literacies	182
	Conclusion	185
	References	186
	Chapter 10 Stakeholder Discourses About Critical Literacies and Audience Participation	190
	Micro and Macro Social Actions, and the Role of Critical Literacies	190
	Dis/Connections Between Stakeholder Conceptualizations of Micro and Macro Levels of Action	193
	Interfaces and Literacies	196
	Knowledge Exchange and Collaboration	200
	Discussion and Conclusion	202
	References	204
	Part IV Futures	207
	Chapter 11 Audiences, Towards 2030: Drivers, Scenarios and Horizons of the Future	208
	Approach to Horizon Scanning	209
	The Two Dimensions	212
	The Technological Dimension	214
	The Public Life Dimension	218
	The 16 Drivers	221
	Economic Drivers	222
	Political Drivers	224
	Societal Drivers	226
	Technological Drivers	228
	Four Scenarios: The Boundaries of an Analytical Space	230
	Scenario 1: High Uptake of Technological Developments, Well-Functioning, Participatory Public Life, Engaged State Liaising with a Variety of Sectors	230
	Scenario 2: Resistance to and Lower Uptake of Technological Developments, Well-Functioning, Participatory Public Life, Engaged State Liaising with a Variety of Sectors	232
	Scenario 3: High Uptake of Technological Developments and Increasingly Small State, Corporatized, Public Life	233
	Scenario 4: Resistance to and Lower Uptake of Technological Developments and Increasingly Small State, Corporatized, Public Life	233
	Conclusion	240
	References	242
	Chapter 12 Everyday Lives of Audiences in a Future Europe: Tracing Emerging Issues from Scenarios to Experiences in 2030	251
	Horizons for Audiences in 2030: Emerging Issues	252
	Fictional Imaginaries in Foresight: A Methodological Rationale	256
	Very Young Audiences, Their Parents and Teachers	259
	Discussion	260
	Ageing Audiences and Their Children	262
	Discussion	264
	Conclusion	265
	References	266
	Part V Agendas	270
	Chapter 13 Interfaces and Engagement: From Implications to Responsibilities	271
	Implications Arising Out of CEDAR’s Work: Locating Responsibilities	273
	Interfaces	273
	Organizations	275
	Audiences	276
	References	279
	Chapter 14 In the Interest of Audiences: An Agenda	281
	Five Priorities for Audience Analysis	283
	Analysis of Audience Experiences and Newer Literacies in the Face of Intrusive Technologies	283
	Analysis of Political Dimensions of Resistance to New Media and Emergent Technologies	285
	Researching Both Fundamental and Emerging Experiences with Newer Technologies	288
	Critical Investigation of the Co-option of Audiences’ Attention, Data and Productive Labour	289
	Doing Audience Research in the Interest of Audiences	291
	Conclusion	294
	References	295
	Index	299