Preface	6
	Contents	8
	About the Authors	12
	List of Figures and Photographs	15
	List of Tables	18
	1: Introduction: Research Context and Hypotheses	19
	1.1 Interaction Versus Withdrawal	20
	1.2 The Relevance of Neighbourhood Context	23
	1.3 Recent Empirical Studies	27
	1.4 This Book	30
	2: The Diversity and Contact Project (DivCon)	33
	2.1 Study Design, Methods and Data	33
	2.1.1 The Quantitative Survey	38
	2.1.2 Area Explorations	40
	2.1.3 Fieldwork in Selected Areas	43
	2.2 The Respondents and the Neighbourhood	44
	2.2.1 Time Spent in the Neighbourhood	44
	2.2.2 Reasons for Moving to the Neighbourhood	46
	3: Diversity in Germany and Its Urban Neighbourhoods	50
	3.1 Germany’s Immigrant Population	50
	3.2 Diversity in German Cities	53
	3.3 Urban Normality: The 50 Neighbourhoods of this Study (Co-authored by Christian Jacobs)	56
	3.3.1 The Material Environment: Neighbourhood Character and Public Space	57
	3.3.2 Statistical Diversity	62
	3.3.3 Noticeable Diversity	66
	3.3.4 Perceived Diversity: How the Survey Respondents See Their Own Neighbourhood	72
	4: Interactions Across Boundaries in More and Less Diverse Contexts	78
	4.1 Introduction	78
	4.2 Intergroup Contact in the Neighbourhood	81
	4.2.1 The Frequency of Intergroup Contact	82
	4.2.2 Differences Between Neighbourhoods	84
	4.2.3 Evaluations of Neighbourhood Contact	90
	4.3 Within and Beyond the Neighbourhood: Weak and Strong Ties	91
	4.3.1 Network Size and Share of Intergroup Ties	92
	4.3.2 The Relevance of the Neighbourhood Context	97
	4.4 The Heterogeneity of Networks	108
	4.5 Conclusions	111
	5: Five Stories of Neighbourhood, Social Life, and Diversity	113
	5.1 Introduction	113
	5.2 ‘A Good Mixture’: Frequent Intergroup Interactions in a Popular Inner-City Neighbourhood (Frankfurt Berger-Ost)	123
	5.2.1 Socio-Demographic Features	123
	5.2.2 Physical Structures and Contact Opportunities	125
	5.2.3 The Neighbourhood as Perceived by its Residents	128
	5.2.4 Enacting Local Diversity	131
	5.2.5 Preliminary Conclusion	135
	5.3 Neglected Diversity on the Edge of the Multicultural Metropolis (Frankfurt-Henninger Turm)	136
	5.3.1 Socio-Demographic Features	136
	5.3.2 Physical Structures and Contact Opportunities	139
	5.3.3 The Neighbourhood as Perceived by Its Residents	141
	5.3.4 Enacting Local Diversity	143
	5.3.5 Preliminary Conclusion	147
	5.4 Urban Normality: Unspectacular Coexistence in an Inner-City Area (Hamburg Lindenpark)	148
	5.4.1 Socio-Demographic Features	149
	5.4.2 Physical Structures and Contact Opportunities	150
	5.4.3 The Neighbourhood as Perceived by Its Residents	153
	5.4.4 Enacting Local Diversity	155
	5.4.5 Preliminary Conclusions	159
	5.5 Separate Worlds: A Suburban Area with Little Interaction (Hamburg-Sinstorf)	160
	5.5.1 Socio-Demographic Features	160
	5.5.2 Physical Structures and Contact Opportunities	162
	5.5.3 The Neighbourhood as Perceived by Its Residents	165
	5.5.4 Enacting Local Diversity	166
	5.5.5 Preliminary Conclusion	170
	5.6 Distanced Co-existence in a Declining Inner-City Neighbourhood (Krefeld-Schinkenplatz)	171
	5.6.1 Socio-Demographic Features	171
	5.6.2 Physical Structures and Contact Opportunities	173
	5.6.3 The Neighbourhood as Perceived by Its Residents	176
	5.6.4 Enacting Local Diversity	178
	5.6.5 Preliminary Conclusion	182
	5.7 Conclusion	183
	6: Attitudes Towards Immigration-Related Diversity	187
	6.1 Introduction	187
	6.2 Diversity Beliefs	189
	6.2.1 Differing Attitudes to Selected Aspects of Diversity	189
	6.2.2 Attitudes to Diversity and the Experience of Diversity in the Neighbourhood	196
	6.3 Attitudes Towards Specific Immigrant Groups	204
	6.3.1 Trust in People and in Specific Groups	205
	6.3.2 Trust in Turks, Russlanddeutsche, and Western Europeans Living in Germany	208
	6.3.3 Feelings Towards Turks, Russlanddeutsche, and Western Europeans Living in Germany	212
	6.4 Conclusions	219
	7: The Immigrant Perspective	222
	7.1 Introduction	222
	7.2 Patterns of Intergroup Interaction	225
	7.2.1 Intergroup Contact in the Neighbourhood	227
	7.2.2 Weak and Strong Ties	230
	7.3 Perceptions and Interpretations of Intergroup Interaction	238
	7.4 Conclusion	242
	8: Conclusions	244
	Annex 1: DivCon City Data	251
	Annex 2: Questionnaire in English	252
	Annex 3: The DivCon Panel, Technical Report	284
	Development of the Questionnaire	284
	Panel Implementation	285
	First Wave	285
	Second Wave	286
	Third Wave	287
	Bibliography	289