Foreword	6
	Preface	8
	Contents	10
	Editors and Contributors	12
	1 An Overview of Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Sheet Metal Work	14
	1 Introduction	14
	2 Feature Modeling: Concepts and Techniques	15
	3 Modeling and Planning for Progressive Cutting Operations	16
	3.1 Bending and Forming Operations in Progressive Die Design	16
	3.2 Process Planning of Progressive Dies	20
	3.3 Other Works Using AI Tools for Progressive Die Design and Planning	21
	3.4 Summary	24
	References	25
	2 Generic Classification and Representation of Shape Features in Sheet-Metal Parts	27
	1 Introduction	27
	2 Sheet-Metal Parts	33
	3 Sheet-Metal Features	33
	4 Volumetric Sheet-Metal Features	35
	4.1 Classification Based on Placement of 2D Profile	36
	4.2 Classification Based on Shape of the 2D Profile	36
	5 Deformation Sheet-Metal Features	39
	5.1 Classification of Feature Faces for Deformation Sheet-Metal Features	43
	5.2 Classification of Deformation Sheet-Metal Features	45
	5.2.1 Number and Arrangement of Boundary Shell Faces	45
	5.2.2 Number of Interior Shell Faces in a Deformation Feature	46
	5.2.3 Type of Bends in a Deformation Feature	47
	6 Conclusion	49
	References	49
	3 Feature Extraction and Manufacturability Assessment of Sheet Metal Parts	52
	1 Introduction	52
	2 Literature Review	55
	2.1 Feature Extraction/Recognition of Sheet Metal Parts	55
	2.2 Manufacturability Assessment of Sheet Metal Parts	56
	3 Computer-Aided System for Automatic Feature Extraction	58
	4 Knowledge-Based System for Manufacturability Assessment of Sheet Metal Parts	58
	4.1 Procedure for Development of the Proposed System	63
	5 Validation of the Proposed Systems FE and MCKBS	67
	6 Conclusion	75
	References	76
	4 Knowledge-Based System for Design of Blanking Dies	78
	1 Introduction	78
	2 Knowledge-Based Design Rules for Blanking Dies	80
	2.1 Strip Thickness	80
	2.2 Contour Length	80
	2.3 Main Part Dimension (Length/Width/Diameter)	81
	3 Parametric Design in 2D	84
	3.1 Blank Layout	84
	3.2 Die Block Boundary	85
	3.3 Die Block Parametres	88
	3.4 Fasteners and Dowel Pin Position	88
	3.5 Strip Boundary	90
	3.6 Parametric Relation of Die Holder Plate	91
	3.7 Parametric Relation Between Die Holder Dimension and Die-Set Selection	92
	4 Parametric Design in 3D	96
	5 Conclusion	101
	References	102
	5 Knowledge-Based System for Design of Deep Drawing Die for Axisymmetric Parts	104
	1 Introduction	104
	2 Literature Review	106
	2.1 Computer-Aided Process Planning	106
	2.2 Computer-Aided Die Design	107
	2.3 Knowledge-Based Deep Drawing Die Design	108
	3 Considerations for Design of Deep Drawing Die	109
	3.1 Process Planning	109
	3.2 Strip-Layout Design	110
	3.3 Selection of Die Components	110
	3.4 Modeling of Die Components and Die Assembly	111
	4 Intelligent Design System: INTDDD	111
	4.1 Methodology for Development of Proposed System	111
	4.2 Organization of the Proposed System	114
	4.2.1 Subsystem PPDDP	114
	4.2.2 Subsystem ISDSL	118
	4.2.3 Subsystem DDCOMP	119
	4.2.4 Subsystem AUTODDMOD	119
	5 Validation of the System INTDDD	122
	6 Conclusion	127
	References	127
	6 An Integrated Approach for Optimized Process Planning of Multistage Deep Drawing	131
	1 Introduction	131
	2 Literature Review	132
	3 Integrated AI Approach	135
	4 Shape Recognition	136
	5 Process Design: The Governing Rules	140
	5.1 Part Geometry in Drawing Stages	141
	5.1.1 Corner Radius	141
	5.1.2 Cross Section	142
	5.1.3 Part Height	142
	5.2 Tool Design	143
	5.2.1 Punch Cross Section	143
	5.2.2 Die Cross Section	143
	5.2.3 Die and Punch Nose Radii	144
	5.2.4 Blank Holder Dimensions	144
	5.3 Operating Parameters	144
	5.3.1 Punch Force	144
	5.3.2 Blank Holder Pressure	145
	6 Optimization and Validation for Process Planning	145
	6.1 Dynamic Programming Approach	146
	6.2 Finite Element Modeling and Analysis	150
	7 Case Studies	157
	7.1 Square Box	158
	7.2 Rectangular Box with Extreme Aspect Ratio	162
	8 Concluding Remarks	167
	References	168
	7 Knowledge-Based System for Design of Deep Drawing Die for Elliptical Shape Parts	171
	1 Introduction	171
	2 Constitutions of the Knowledge-Based System	173
	2.1 Recognition of Shape Module	173
	2.2 Three-Dimensional Modeling Module	175
	2.3 Blank Design Module	177
	2.4 Process Planning Module	178
	3 Production Rules of the Knowledge-Based System	180
	4 Results and Discussion	183
	4.1 The Surface Area Calculation	183
	4.2 Drawing Coefficient	184
	4.3 Punch and Die Radii	185
	5 Conclusion	188
	References	189
	8 An Expert System for Automatic Design of Compound Dies	192
	1 Introduction	192
	2 Literature Review	194
	3 Proposed Expert System: ESIDCD	197
	3.1 Subsystem PPCD	199
	3.2 Subsystem CDCOMP	203
	3.3 Subsystem AUTOMODCD	206
	4 Validation of the Proposed System	206
	5 Conclusion	222
	Acknowledgments	222
	References	222
	9 Prediction of Life of Compound Die Using Artificial Neural Network	226
	1 Introduction	226
	2 Proposed ANN Model for Prediction of Life of Compound Die	231
	3 Validation of the Proposed ANN Model	234
	4 Conclusion	249
	References	250
	10 Knowledge-Based System for Automatic Design of Bending Dies	253
	1 Introduction	253
	1.1 Design of Bending Dies	254
	1.2 Knowledge-Based System	255
	2 Literature Review	256
	2.1 Process Planning of Bending Parts	256
	2.2 Bending Die Design	257
	3 Proposed KBS for Automatic Design of Bending Dies	258
	3.1 Subsystem PPBP	259
	3.2 Subsystem BDCOMP	270
	3.3 Subsystem AUTOBDMOD	272
	4 Validation of System ASDBD	275
	5 Conclusions	296
	References	297